2 Citation Guide
Default Citation Style
- All citation works for this project, regardless of the copyright terms of the original source, should follow APA 7.0 style guide.
- Citations for Open Educational Resources (OER) should also follow APA guide.
- Instead of a traditional attribution notice, develop an APA-style citation for OER. When the resource is openly licensed, simply add a source URL and the license information at the end of the citation.
Irna Lyublinskaya, Wolfe, G. A., Ingram, D., Pujji, L., Sudhi Oberoi, Czuba, N.,
Kretchman, J., Stoke, J., Anderson, D. L., & Gaspar, E. (2016). College Physics for AP courses. Openstax. https://openstax.org/details/books/college-physics-ap-courses CC BY.
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- Instead of embedding the OER into the content, make APA-style quotations. APA 7 indicates that quotes under 40 words are placed in double quotation marks. Quotes of 40 words or more are formatted as block quote. The author, year, and page number are included in an in-text citation.
- All bibliography entries, regardless of the copyright terms of the original source, will be manually added to the References section, located at the end of each chapter.
- Use a citation app of your choice that will automatically generate a citation notice in accordance with APA guidelines. See Helpful Tools for more information.
Image Citation
Citations for the images will be automatically created in Pressbooks, which is the final publication platform for the Open ProfTech textbooks. When it comes to citing the image, your task, as an author, is to simply collect the images and document the metadata. This metadata will be manually added when moving the content to the Pressbooks.
Follow the steps below to cite an image for your chapter that you’ve created or adopted.
Step 1. Locate the Image
Locate an image you need. Image must be cleared of all copyright restrictions. It means the image should meet one of the conditions below:
- It is openly licensed
- It is in the public domain
- You are the copyright holder/owner of the image, or
- You acquired permission from the copyright holder
Download the image of the largest size and highest resolution. Acceptable file formats for the image are JPG, PNG, and GIF.
Step 2. Rename it
Add an image file to your cohort’s Google folder (under Image folder) and rename it. Give it a new title following the naming convention below:
- File name format: cohort name_chapter number_unit number
- All words should be connected with an underscore.
- Use abbreviations for these cases: ch for chapter, cj for criminal justice
- No capital letters
For example, if you are adding an image into unit 2 under chapter 2 for the welding textbook, the file name should be,
welding_ch2_unit2.png
If there is more than 1 image under a unit, add an alphabet in sequence at the end. For example, if you are adding two images into unit 2 under chapter 2 of the criminal justice book, the file name should be,
cj_ch2_unit2a.jpg
cj_ch2_unit2b.gif
If you need to add an image outside the unit structure, such as overview, objectives, or review questions, add the location of the image after the cohort name. For example,
healthcare_ch5_overview.png
For an opening image required for all chapters, add “opening” in the name. For example, the name of the opening image for chapter 7 of the healthcare book should be,
healthcare_ch7_opening.jpg
Step 3. Fill out the Image Inventory
Fill out the image inventory for each adopted image with metadata. It has a tab for each cohort. Below are the notes for a few metadata.
- Caption: Provide a descriptive & illustrative caption. Caption will appear underneath the image giving context to the readers. Add Photo Credit at the end of the caption along with license information. For example:
- Source URL: If it is too long, consider shortening it using applications such as Bitly or TinyURL.
- License name: There is no need to add a link to the license deed page (Pressbooks, the final publication platform automatically generates the hyperlinks).
- Alt-text: Alternative (Alt) Text is meant to convey the “why” of the image as it relates to the content of a document or webpage. It is read aloud to users by screen reader software, and it is indexed by search engines. It also displays on the page if the image fails to load, as in this example of a missing image. Visit Write good Alt Text to learn some best practices.
Step 4. Place the Image in Your Chapters
Add the image into your chapters in Google Docs with a caption and alt text.
Helpful Tools
- MyBib
MyBib, a free bibliography application will automatically generate citation notices (both in-text citation & bibliography entry) for you in accordance with APA 7.0 guidelines. See how to use MyBib manual for more information.
- ZoteroBib
ZoteroBib, a free bibliography application will automatically generate citation notices (both in-text citation & bibliography entry) for you in accordance with APA 7.0 guidelines.
- Official APA Reference Guides
APA Style Guide to Common Reference Examples
APA Style Reference Guide for Journal Articles and Books