Ambulances

EMTs and paramedics typically work together in ambulances and fire apparatus to respond to emergencies and transport patients to the hospital’s emergency department. However, in certain situations, such as when a patient’s condition requires specialized care or when the  hospital is a great distance away, alternative methods of transportation are necessary.

Helicopters

The most common alternative is the use of aeromedical helicopters, a type of air medical service. These helicopters are widely used across the United States and many other parts of the world. The crew of a medical helicopter usually consists of three members: a pilot and two medical personnel. Paramedics commonly serve as medical crew members, providing care during transport. The team configuration can vary based on the needs and location of the service. While paramedics are typically part of the crew, the second crew member may be a nurse, physician, or another paramedic.

Fixed-Wing Aircraft

Longer transports beyond the range of a helicopter require a fixed-wing aircraft. These can range from small, single-engine bush planes to large corporate jets with full-time medical configurations.

Boats

In areas with islands, boats are commonly used to transport patients to the mainland for care. While critical patients are typically transported via helicopter, weather conditions can sometimes prevent their use. In such cases, or when transportation is needed for non-emergency situations, watercraft may be used instead.

1. Figure 6.5: image released under the Pexels License