End-of-Chapter Material
Additional Exercises
- How many molecules of O2 will react with 6.022 × 1023 molecules of H2 to make water? The reaction is 2H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(ℓ).
- How many molecules of H2 will react with 6.022 × 1023 molecules of N2 to make ammonia? The reaction is N2(g) + 3H2(g) → 2NH3(g).
- How many moles are present in 6.411 kg of CO2? How many molecules is this?
- How many moles are present in 2.998 mg of SCl4? How many molecules is this?
- What is the mass in milligrams of 7.22 × 1020 molecules of CO2?
- What is the mass in kilograms of 3.408 × 1025 molecules of SiS2?
- What is the mass in grams of 1 molecule of H2O?
- What is the mass in grams of 1 atom of Al?
- What is the volume of 3.44 mol of Ga if the density of Ga is 6.08 g/mL?
- What is the volume of 0.662 mol of He if the density of He is 0.1785 g/L?
- For the chemical reaction 2C4H10(g) + 13O2(g) → 8CO2(g) + 10H2O(ℓ), assume that 13.4 g of C4H10 reacts completely to products. How many g of CO2 are produced?
- For the chemical reaction 2GaCl3(s) + 3H2(g) → 2Ga(ℓ) + 6HCl(g), if 223 g of GaCl3 reacts completely to products. How many g of Ga(ℓ) are produced?
- Calculate the mass of each product when 100.0 g of CuCl react according to the reaction 2CuCl(aq) → CuCl2(aq) + Cu(s). What do you notice about the sum of the masses of the products? What concept is being illustrated here?
- Calculate the mass of each product when 500.0 g of SnCl2 react according to the reaction 2SnCl2(aq) → SnCl4(aq) + Sn(s). What do you notice about the sum of the masses of the products? What concept is being illustrated here?
- What mass of CO2 is produced from the combustion of 1 gal of gasoline? The chemical formula of gasoline can be approximated as C8H18. Assume that there are 2,801 g of gasoline per gallon.
- What mass of H2O is produced from the combustion of 1 gal of gasoline? The chemical formula of gasoline can be approximated as C8H18. Assume that there are 2,801 g of gasoline per gallon.
- A chemical reaction has a theoretical yield of 19.98 g and a percent yield of 88.40%. What is the actual yield?
- A chemical reaction has an actual yield of 19.98 g and a percent yield of 88.40%. What is the theoretical yield?
- Given the initial amounts listed, what is the limiting reagent? How many grams of PH3 are produced? 35.0 g P4, 12.7 g NaOH, and 9.33 g H2O.
P4 + 3 NaOH + 3 H2O → 2 Na2HPO4 + PH3
- Given the initial amounts listed, what is the limiting reagent? How many grams of H2O are produced? 46.3 g NaCrO2, 88.2 g NaBrO4, and 32.5 g NaOH.
2 NaCrO2 + 3 NaBrO4 + 2 NaOH → 3 NaBrO3 + 2 Na2CrO4 + H2O
Answers
- 3.011 × 1023 molecules of O2
- 145.7 mol; 8.772 × 1025 molecules
- 52.8 mg
- 2.99 × 10−23 g
- 39.4 mL
- 40.58 g CO2
- 67.90 g of CuCl2; 32.10 g of Cu. The two masses add to 100.0 g, the initial amount of starting material, demonstrating the law of conservation of matter.
- 8,633 g CO2
- 17.66 g
- The limiting reagent is NaOH; 3.60 g of PH3 is produced