End-of-Chapter Material

Additional Exercises

  1. How many molecules of O2 will react with 6.022 × 1023 molecules of H2 to make water? The reaction is 2H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(ℓ).
  2. How many molecules of H2 will react with 6.022 × 1023 molecules of N2 to make ammonia? The reaction is N2(g) + 3H2(g) → 2NH3(g).
  3. How many moles are present in 6.411 kg of CO2? How many molecules is this?
  4. How many moles are present in 2.998 mg of SCl4? How many molecules is this?
  5. What is the mass in milligrams of 7.22 × 1020 molecules of CO2?
  6. What is the mass in kilograms of 3.408 × 1025 molecules of SiS2?
  7. What is the mass in grams of 1 molecule of H2O?
  8. What is the mass in grams of 1 atom of Al?
  9. What is the volume of 3.44 mol of Ga if the density of Ga is 6.08 g/mL?
  10. What is the volume of 0.662 mol of He if the density of He is 0.1785 g/L?
  11. For the chemical reaction 2C4H10(g) + 13O2(g) → 8CO2(g) + 10H2O(ℓ), assume that 13.4 g of C4H10 reacts completely to products. How many g of CO2 are produced?
  12. For the chemical reaction 2GaCl3(s) + 3H2(g) → 2Ga(ℓ) + 6HCl(g), if 223 g of GaCl3 reacts completely to products. How many g of Ga(ℓ) are produced?
  13. Calculate the mass of each product when 100.0 g of CuCl react according to the reaction 2CuCl(aq) → CuCl2(aq) + Cu(s). What do you notice about the sum of the masses of the products? What concept is being illustrated here?
  14. Calculate the mass of each product when 500.0 g of SnCl2 react according to the reaction 2SnCl2(aq) → SnCl4(aq) + Sn(s). What do you notice about the sum of the masses of the products? What concept is being illustrated here?
  15. What mass of CO2 is produced from the combustion of 1 gal of gasoline? The chemical formula of gasoline can be approximated as C8H18. Assume that there are 2,801 g of gasoline per gallon.
  16. What mass of H2O is produced from the combustion of 1 gal of gasoline? The chemical formula of gasoline can be approximated as C8H18. Assume that there are 2,801 g of gasoline per gallon.
  17. A chemical reaction has a theoretical yield of 19.98 g and a percent yield of 88.40%. What is the actual yield?
  18. A chemical reaction has an actual yield of 19.98 g and a percent yield of 88.40%. What is the theoretical yield?
  19. Given the initial amounts listed, what is the limiting reagent? How many grams of PH3 are produced? 35.0 g P4, 12.7 g NaOH, and  9.33 g H2O.

    P4 +  3 NaOH + 3 H2O → 2 Na2HPO4 + PH3

  20. Given the initial amounts listed, what is the limiting reagent? How many grams of H2O are produced? 46.3 g NaCrO2, 88.2 g NaBrO4, and 32.5 g NaOH.

                                               2 NaCrO2 + 3 NaBrO4 + 2 NaOH → 3 NaBrO3 + 2 Na2CrO4 + H2O

Answers

  1. 3.011 × 1023 molecules of O2
  1. 145.7 mol; 8.772 × 1025 molecules
  1. 52.8 mg
  1. 2.99 × 10−23 g
  1. 39.4 mL
  1. 40.58 g CO2
  1. 67.90 g of CuCl2; 32.10 g of Cu. The two masses add to 100.0 g, the initial amount of starting material, demonstrating the law of conservation of matter.
  1. 8,633 g CO2
  1. 17.66 g
  1. The limiting reagent is NaOH;  3.60 g of PH3 is produced

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